Safe laying of cables in buildings is a fundamental aspect of construction, which is crucial for the functionality and safety of the entire electrical system. Correct cable laying not only affects efficiency, but also minimizes the risk of accidents and fires. Below are safety rules, which is necessary to follow when laying cables in buildings.
What are the ways of laying cables in buildings?
When laying cables in buildings, there are a number of precise recommendations and requirements, the observance of which is crucial to ensure the safety and durability of the electrical installation. It is also necessary to use tools such as cable scissors. When passing through walls, ceilings and other partitions, the use of shields from hard -toe materials is necessary. Methods of laying cables include directly placing them at the walls and under the ceilings on properly prepared load -bearing structures, as well as the use of cable channels in the walls, ceilings or under floors, enabling dismantling of cables. Permanent laying of cables is strictly prohibited. In addition, fireproof cables must be laid in accordance with the regulations, and their route through fireproof walls requires special protection. The introduction of cables into the building should be preceded by protection against mechanical damage, and the transitions through the walls and ceilings must be accurately sealed with difficult materials, adapted to the requirements of the fire resistance of specific elements of the building. All these rules are aimed at ensuring not only functionality, but above all the security of the entire electrical system.
What distances do you have to stick to?
When laying cables in buildings, maintaining the right distances between them plays a key role for the safety and efficiency of the installation. The allowed distances between the cables should be strictly observed, and also depend on the method of fastening or hanging. Cable intersections with other insulated cables require special attention. According to the norm, the distance between crossing cables with a rated voltage to 1 kV should be at least 5 cm, while for cables with a rated voltage 1 kv <un ≤ 30 kV - 15 cm. Cables with a rated voltage above 30 kV should be separated from other cables by partition.
In addition, the minimum permissible distances of power and signaling cables from pipelines were determined. For example, pipelines that do not require periodic maintenance should be 20 cm away, while pipelines that require conservation by 100 cm. In the event of the inability to maintain these distances for justified reasons, the cables should be protected against mechanical damage with covers surrounding the intersection or close to the entire length, adding at least 50 cm on each side. In the situation of pipelines with flammable fluids, it is recommended to keep a distance of at least 100 cm. Therefore, it is necessary not only to such equipment asRoller for developing cables, but also detailed measurements.
In the case of cable shafts, proper cable laying is a key aspect for maintaining the integrity and durability of the entire system. According to the guidelines, the cables should be laid on support constructions or directly on the wall. Both cables for construction and those attached directly on the wall should be properly protected with handles. An important element is a single cable attachment, which means that each cable should be individually mounted. However, in the case of cables-compartments, they are allowed to fix them in a single cable handle, with the exception to fire-resistant cables that are subject to other guidelines. Addressing cables-components in a single handle not only facilitates the installation, but also allows some adjustment in the case of certain configurations. Nevertheless, it is important to emphasize that this principle does not include fire resistant cables for which specific fixing procedures are required in accordance with standards.
All cable attachments, regardless of their type, should be carefully thought out to ensure mechanical durability and avoid any cable deformation. Appropriate cable protection in cable windows is crucial not only for the effective functioning of the system, but also to ensure long -term structural integrity of the installation. When laying cable lines, equipment such aswire scissorsIs the winchrs, but the most important thing is of course a detailed design made in accordance with the standards.
